Passive Voice – Present Perfect Tense

📘 Passive Voice – Present Perfect Tense

📌 1. Pengertian Passive Voice

Passive voice adalah kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai tindakan, bukan melakukan tindakan. Fokus kalimat passive adalah pada objek yang menerima aksi.

Contoh:

  • Active: The teacher has given the homework.

  • Passive: The homework has been given by the teacher.

📌 2. Rumus Passive Voice – Present Perfect Tense

Bentuk KalimatRumus Passive Voice
Positive (+)S + has/have + been + V3 + (by + agent)
Negative (–)S + has/have + not been + V3 + (by + agent)
Interrogative (?)Has/Have + S + been + V3 + (by + agent)?

📌 3. Penjelasan Strukturnya

  • S (Subject): penerima tindakan

  • Has/Have: sesuai dengan subjek

    • Has untuk: he, she, it, singular noun

    • Have untuk: I, you, we, they, plural noun

  • Been: bentuk tetap pada passive present perfect

  • V3: past participle (bentuk ke-3 dari verb)

  • by + agent (opsional): menunjukkan pelaku

📌 4. Contoh Kalimat

✔ Positive Sentences:

  • The book has been read by many students.

  • The emails have been sent to the principal.

❌ Negative Sentences:

  • The assignment has not been submitted by John.

  • The cakes have not been eaten yet.

❓ Interrogative Sentences:

  • Has the test been checked by the teacher?

  • Have the documents been printed?

📌 5. Verb List (V1 – V3) Penting

V1 (Base Form)V2 (Past)V3 (Past Participle)
writewrotewritten
givegavegiven
sendsentsent
eatateeaten
readreadread (dibaca /red/)

📌 6. Latihan Soal

A. Ubah kalimat aktif berikut menjadi pasif!

  1. She has written a letter. → ______________

  2. They have eaten the cake. → ______________

  3. The manager has announced the winner. → ______________

B. Lengkapi kalimat pasif berikut!

  1. The homework __________ (check) by the teacher.

  2. The movie __________ (watch) by the students.

  3. All the reports __________ (not/print) yet.


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