Passive Voice kelas XI semester 2

Passive Voice – Materi Bahasa Inggris Lengkap

1. Pengertian Passive Voice

Passive voice adalah bentuk kalimat di mana fokusnya lebih pada objek yang menerima tindakan, bukan pada subjek yang melakukan tindakan. Dalam passive voice, objek dari kalimat aktif menjadi subjek dalam kalimat pasif.

Contoh Perbandingan:

✔ Active Voice: The teacher explains the lesson. (Guru menjelaskan pelajaran.)
✔ Passive Voice: The lesson is explained by the teacher. (Pelajaran dijelaskan oleh guru.)

Pada kalimat pasif, kita menggunakan to be + past participle (V3) dari kata kerja utama.

2. Rumus Passive Voice

A. Simple Tenses

B. Continuous Tenses

Passive voice hanya digunakan dalam present dan past continuous tense.

Catatan: Tidak ada passive voice dalam Future Continuous Tense karena bentuknya tidak umum digunakan dalam komunikasi sehari-hari.

C. Perfect Tenses

3. Cara Mengubah Active Voice ke Passive Voice

  1. Tentukan objek dalam kalimat aktif → Jadikan objek tersebut sebagai subjek di kalimat pasif.
  2. Gunakan "to be" sesuai tense → Sesuaikan dengan bentuk kata kerja dalam kalimat aktif.
  3. Gunakan verb bentuk ketiga (past participle/V3)
  4. Tambahkan "by + pelaku" (opsional, bisa dihilangkan jika tidak penting).

Contoh Konversi:

✔ Active: The chef cooks the food.
✔ Passive: The food is cooked by the chef.

✔ Active: They are watching a movie.
✔ Passive: A movie is being watched by them.

✔ Active: She has completed the report.
✔ Passive: The report has been completed by her.

4. Penggunaan "by" dalam Passive Voice

✔ "By" digunakan untuk menunjukkan siapa yang melakukan tindakan.
✔ Jika pelaku tidak penting atau sudah diketahui, "by" bisa dihilangkan.

Contoh:

  • The road was repaired last week. (tanpa "by" karena pelaku tidak perlu disebut)
  • The book was written by J.K. Rowling. (pelaku penting, jadi "by" digunakan)

5. Passive Voice dalam Kalimat Modal

Passive voice juga dapat digunakan dalam kalimat yang mengandung modal verb (can, must, should, may, dll.).

6. Passive Voice dalam Kalimat Imperative (Perintah)

Untuk mengubah kalimat perintah menjadi passive voice, gunakan "Let" atau "Be".

7. Latihan Soal Passive Voice

A. Pilihan Ganda

  1. The letter _____ (write) by John yesterday.
    a. is written
    b. was written
    c. has written
    d. wrote

  2. This project _____ (finish) next month.
    a. will be finished
    b. will finish
    c. is finishing
    d. finished

  3. The book _____ (read) by many students every year.
    a. is read
    b. was read
    c. has read
    d. will read

B. Ubah Kalimat Berikut ke Passive Voice

  1. They clean the classroom every morning.
  2. She will write a report.
  3. The manager has approved the proposal.

Kesimpulan

✔ Passive voice digunakan untuk memfokuskan perhatian pada objek daripada pelaku tindakan.
✔ Struktur utamanya adalah to be + V3 (past participle).
✔ "By" dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan siapa yang melakukan tindakan, tetapi bisa dihilangkan jika tidak diperlukan.
✔ Passive voice sering digunakan dalam berita, laporan, dan tulisan akademik.

Jika ada pertanyaan atau ingin latihan soal tambahan, silakan tanyakan!

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